From: Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Tensile Performance and Failure Process of a Modified Portland Cement
Water–cement rate
Effective modulus (GPa)
Stiffness rate
Surface gap
Friction coefficient
Cohesion (MPa)
Friction angle (°)
0.35
6.5
1.18
1 × 10–4
0.3
26
10
0.42
4.8
1.13
18
8