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Table 17 UHPC freeze–thaw properties.

From: Ultra-High Performance Concrete: Mechanical Performance, Durability, Sustainability and Implementation Challenges

References

w/b or w/c*

Steel fibers

Curing regimes

Freeze–thaw cycles

Relative dynamic modulus (%)

Shaheen and shrive (2006)

0.13*

0 %

150 °C

300

101.00

1.5 %

101.60

Ahlborn et al. (2008)

0.20*

6 %

Air

300

101.57

90 °C and 100 % RH for 2 days

300

100.29

Juanhong et al. (2009)

0.21*

2 %

90 °C steam for 1 day

1500

101.00

Magureanu et al. (2012)

0.12

0 %

90 °C and 80 to 90 % RH for 5 days

1095

100.78

20 °C and 80 to 90 % RH for 5 days

1095

100.40

2.5 %

90 °C and 80 to 90 % RH for 5 days

1095

100.40

20 °C and 80 to 90 % RH for 5 days

1095

100.60

  1. * indicates the water–cement ratio (w/c)