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Table 5 Concrete parameters used in the plastic damage model.

From: Effects of Variation of Axial Load on Seismic Performance of Shear Deficient RC Exterior BCJs

Concrete strength (MPa)

Mass density (tonne/mm3)

Young’s modulus (MPa)

Poisson’s ratio

Dilation angle Ψ (degrees)

Plastic potential eccentricity ϵ

fbo/fco

b c /b t

Varies

2.4E−009

Variesa

0.19–0.20

36

0.1

1.16

0.7

  1. aAs per concrete strength (21, 30, 36, 50, 65 MPa).