Fig. 7From: Modelling of Stirrup Confinement Effects in RC Layered Beam Finite Elements Using a 3D Yield Criterion and Transversal Equilibrium ConstraintsAxial stress distribution in concrete at peak load for constant \(\epsilon _{u}^{c} = 0.0053\), a without stirrups and b considering stirrups, with axial reinforcements shown in black.Back to article page