Empirical Equation for Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Concrete Developed Using Bottom Ash Aggregates

Lee, Hye-Jin; Kim, Sanghee; Kim, Hak-Young; Mun, Ju-Hyun; Yang, Keun-Hyeok

doi:10.1186/s40069-022-00514-y

International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials

Table 1 Summary of LWAC-BA mixtures and test results (Kim et al., 2020, 2021; Yang, 2020).

From: Empirical Equation for Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Concrete Developed Using Bottom Ash Aggregates

Specimens	W/C	R_BAS (%)	R_BAC (%)	S/a (%)	Unit volume weight (kg/m³)						A_c	ρ_c,meas	f'_c,meas	f_sp,meas	f_r,meas	E_c,meas	τ_b,meas
Specimens	W/C	R_BAS (%)	R_BAC (%)	S/a (%)	W	C	F_S	BAS	C_G	BAC	(%)	kg/m³	MPa	MPa	MPa	MPa	MPa
L-0-0	0.45	100	100	45	175	389	0	614	0	654	5.5	1703	23.3	2.34	3.93	18,082	4.3
L-25-0	0.45	75	100	45	175	389	189	460	0	654	5	1742	23.8	2.3	4.1	18,685	4.33
L-50-0	0.45	50	100	45	175	389	378	307	0	654	5.2	1773	27	2.35	4.96	19,269	4.75
L-75-0	0.45	25	100	45	175	389	567	153	0	654	5.4	1784	27.7	2.12	4.62	20,197	4.67
L-100-0	0.45	0	100	45	175	389	756	0	0	654	5	1823	27.5	2.96	4.89	21,483	5
L-0-100	0.45	100	0	45	175	389	0	614	932	0	5.2	2015	36.4	3.29	4.97	22,208	5.98
L-25-100	0.45	75	0	45	175	389	189	460	932	0	5.3	2097	41.2	3.47	5.41	25,109	7.1
L-50-100	0.45	50	0	45	175	389	378	307	932	0	5.5	2135	42.9	3.64	5.37	25,291	6.77
L-75-100	0.45	25	0	45	175	389	567	153	932	0	5	2162	40.9	3.68	4.83	24,254	6.21
L-100-100	0.45	0	0	45	175	389	768	0	946	0	4.7	2173	39.2	3.65	4.73	22,223	6.25
M-0-0	0.3	100	100	45	175	583	0	590	0	629	5.8	1775	29.5	3.28	5.39	22,493	5.21
M-25-0	0.3	75	100	45	175	583	182	443	0	629	5.9	1780	28.3	2.37	4.75	20,944	4.77
M-50-0	0.3	50	100	45	175	583	364	295	0	629	5.4	1800	28.8	2.37	4.61	21,827	4.65
M-75-0	0.3	25	100	45	175	583	546	148	0	629	5.5	1828	30.3	2.47	4.75	21,954	4.75
M-100-0	0.3	0	100	45	175	583	728	0	0	629	5	1852	30.6	3.28	5.51	22,058	4.98
M-0-100	0.3	100	0	45	175	583	0	590	896	0	5.4	2066	42.8	3.48	5.81	25,572	5.83
M-25-100	0.3	75	0	45	175	583	182	443	896	0	5.5	2158	42.4	3.74	5.37	25,380	6.62
M-50-100	0.3	50	0	45	175	583	364	295	896	0	4.8	2184	46.3	3.73	6.45	25,699	7.1
M-75-100	0.3	25	0	45	175	583	546	148	896	0	5	2218	48.8	3.89	6.53	26,961	7.34
M-100-100	0.3	0	0	45	175	583	739	0	910	0	4.7	2220	46.1	3.9	6.16	25,410	7.03
H-0-0	0.3	100	100	45	175	583	0	555	0	592	4.8	1840	41.3	3.8	5.55	23,072	4.45
H-100-0	0.3	0	100	45	175	583	684	0	0	592	5	1952	40.7	3.77	4.54	22,316	5.22
H-0-100	0.3	100	0	45	175	583	0	555	843	0	5.2	2171	52.6	3.95	6	27,877	7.03
H-100-100	0.3	0	0	45	175	583	696	0	857	0	5.5	2334	52.1	4.11	6.16	27,419	6.79

R_BAS is the percentage of replaced content of BAS (= 100 × BAS's weight to total sand weight); R_BAC is the percentage of replaced content of BAC aggregate (= 100 × BAC's weight to total coarse weight); W/C is the water-to-cement ratio; S/a is the fine aggregate ratio; W is the water volume; C is the cement; F_s and C_G are the natural sand and coarse aggregates, respectively; BAS and BAC are the bottom ash fine and coarse aggregate, respectively; A_c is the air content; and ρ_c,meas, f'_c,meas, f_sp,meas, f_r,meas, E_c,meas, _and τ_b,meas are the measured density, compressive strength, splitting tensile, modulus of rupture, elastic modulus, and bond strength at 28 days, respectively.

Back to article page