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Table 4 Input factors for the cement paste.

From: Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Tensile Performance and Failure Process of a Modified Portland Cement

Water–cement rate

Effective modulus (GPa)

Stiffness rate

Surface gap

Friction coefficient

Cohesion (MPa)

Friction angle (°)

0.35

6.5

1.18

1 × 10–4

0.3

26

10

0.42

4.8

1.13

1 × 10–4

0.3

18

8