Mechanical Performance and Stress–Strain Relationships for Grouted Splices Under Tensile and Cyclic Loadings

International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials

Table 1 Mechanical properties of reinforcing steel bars.

Grade	Diameter d (mm)	Yield strength f _ys (MPa)	Ultimate strength f _us (MPa)	Elasticity modulus E _s (×10⁵ MPa)	Ultimate strain ε _us	Yield plateau length^a Δε _ys	f _us/f _ys
HRB400	14	532	656	1.89	0.12	0.022	1.23
	16	551	685	1.97	0.11	0.017	1.24
	20	427	569	1.79	0.15	0.016	1.33
	22	503	675	2.15	0.13	0.016	1.34
	25	519	657	2.13	0.12	0.019	1.27
	32	424	586	1.84	0.12	0.012	1.38
	Mean value	493	638	1.96	0.13	0.017	1.30
HRB500	14	605	741	2.11	0.12	0.017	1.22
	16	615	768	1.82	0.12	0.015	1.25
	20	619	765	2.18	0.11	0.012	1.24
	22	597	755	1.90	0.11	0.015	1.27
	25	571	733	2.00	0.12	0.015	1.28
	32	555	719	1.85	0.12	0.017	1.30
	Mean value	594	747	1.98	0.12	0.015	1.26

^aHot-rolled steel bars HRB400 and HRB500 exhibit approximate horizontal segment after yielding in their stress–strain curves.