Table 6 Comparison of the response of WBS under different load case.
Response | Tensile load | Shear load | Flexural load |
|---|---|---|---|
Stresses acting on the spliced bar | The normal stress is similar in all directions | The normal stress in the region directly in contact with the shear force is higher than the other region | The region directly in contact with the shear force has a slightly higher stress compared with the other region |
A high longitudinal stress is generated to prevent the spliced bars from slipping out of the sleeve | The longitudinal stress is at minimal because the pullout force is less likely to occur | A high longitudinal stress is generated in the region directly in contact with the componential shear force to prevent the spliced bars from slipping out of the sleeve | |
Stressed acting on the welded bar | The normal stress is similar in all directions | The welded bar in the direction of the shear load has a higher normal stress compared with the others | The welded bar in the direction of the componential shear load has a slight higher normal stress compared with the others |
A high longitudinal stress is generated to prevent the grout from slipping out of the sleeve | The longitudinal stress is at minimal because the pullout force acting on the grout is less likely to occur | A high longitudinal stress is generated to prevent the grout from slipping out of the sleeve | |
Pipe sleeve | The transverse tensile stress prevents the deformation of the sleeve. The transverse tensile stress in the sleeve is similar in all directions | A high componential tensile stress is generated in the sleeve in the region opposite to the shear load | A moderate componential tensile stress is generated in the sleeve in the region opposite to the componential shear load |
Thus, a low confinement stress is generated to resist the normal stress generated by the spliced bar. Subsequently, it controls the expansion of the grout as a result of splitting cracks | A high confinement stress is generated in the opposite of the shear load to counter react it | A moderate confinement stress is generated in the opposite of the componential shear load to counter it | |
Propagation of splitting cracks | The splitting cracks propagate at about the same rate in all directions | The splitting cracks propagate faster along with the shear load | The splitting cracks propagate slightly faster along with the componential shear load |
Bar deformation | Bar elongates and displacement longitudinally | Bar deforms and bends towards the direction of the shear force | The bar elongates longitudinally and displaces laterally in the direction of the componential shear load |