Table 8 Results from thermodynamic analysis, GEMS
From: Utilization of Various Industrial Wastes in Ordinary Concrete Under Normal Manufacturing Conditions
Mix | Item | NaOH molarity | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.0043 | 0.02 | 0.2 | 0.313 | ||
OPC | Na/Si | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.65 | 0.94 |
Ca/Si | 1.52 | 1.52 | 1.49 | 1.22 | 1.04 | |
CH (mass %) | 21.3 | 21.4 | 21.7 | 25.0 | 27.8 | |
CSH (mass %) | 47.3 | 47.2 | 47.0 | 45.0 | 43.4 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 19.1 | 19.0 | 18.9 | 19.1 | 16.9 | |
CKD-20% | Na/Si | 0.09 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.71 | 0.96 |
Ca/Si | 1.49 | 1.48 | 1.45 | 1.14 | 0.99 | |
CH (mass %) | 25.2 | 25.3 | 25.6 | 29.3 | 31.5 | |
CSH (mass %) | 43.5 | 43.4 | 43.2 | 41.0 | 39.5 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 19.7 | 19.7 | 19.6 | 18.4 | 13.9 | |
CKD-30% | Na/Si | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.17 | 0.77 | 0.96 |
Ca/Si | 1.47 | 1.46 | 1.43 | 1.08 | 0.96 | |
CH (mass %) | 27.3 | 27.4 | 27.8 | 31.6 | 33.5 | |
CSH (mass %) | 41.3 | 41.3 | 41.1 | 38.8 | 37.4 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 20.1 | 20.1 | 20.0 | 18.9 | 12.2 | |
BFS-10% | Na/Si | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.65 | 0.94 |
Ca/Si | 1.55 | 1.54 | 1.54 | 1.21 | 1.04 | |
CH (mass %) | 18.7 | 18.8 | 18.8 | 23.4 | 25.8 | |
CSH (mass %) | 46.9 | 46.8 | 46.8 | 44.0 | 42.4 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 18.3 | 18.3 | 18.3 | 17.3 | 15.0 | |
BFS-20% | Na/Si | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.68 | 0.94 |
Ca/Si | 1.58 | 1.57 | 1.54 | 1.20 | 1.04 | |
CH (mass %) | 16.1 | 16.2 | 16.6 | 21.3 | 23.8 | |
CSH (mass %) | 46.4 | 46.3 | 46.1 | 43.2 | 41.4 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 17.6 | 17.6 | 17.5 | 16.6 | 13.1 | |
BFS-30% | Na/Si | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.69 | 0.94 |
Ca/Si | 1.58 | 1.57 | 1.55 | 1.20 | 1.04 | |
CH (mass %) | 14.0 | 14.1 | 14.5 | 19.2 | 21.8 | |
CSH (mass %) | 45.2 | 45.2 | 45.0 | 42.0 | 40.3 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 2.3 | 2.2 | 16.1 | 15.2 | 11.1 | |
LS-10% | Na/Si | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.65 | 0.94 |
Ca/Si | 1.55 | 1.54 | 1.51 | 1.22 | 1.04 | |
CH (mass %) | 24.5 | 24.6 | 25.0 | 28.8 | 31.2 | |
CSH (mass %) | 45.2 | 45.1 | 44.9 | 42.7 | 40.9 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 18.7 | 18.7 | 18.6 | 16.6 | 14.1 | |
LS-20% | Na/Si | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.14 | 0.60 | 0.94 |
Ca/Si | 1.57 | 1.56 | 1.53 | 1.26 | 1.04 | |
CH (mass %) | 28.5 | 28.6 | 28.9 | 32.4 | 34.7 | |
CSH (mass %) | 40.8 | 40.8 | 40.6 | 39.8 | 38.0 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 14.7 | 14.7 | 14.6 | 12.2 | 11.5 | |
LS-30% | Na/Si | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.15 | 0.54 | 0.91 |
Ca/Si | 1.56 | 1.55 | 1.52 | 1.29 | 1.05 | |
CH (mass %) | 33.0 | 33.1 | 33.4 | 36.6 | 38.7 | |
CSH (mass %) | 36.8 | 36.8 | 36.6 | 36.8 | 35.2 | |
Ettringite (mass %) | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 7.5 | 7.3 | |