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International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials

Table 4 Test results on flexural properties of prismatic specimens

From: Effect of Contents, Tensile Strengths and Aspect Ratios of Hooked-End Steel Fibers (SFs) on Compressive and Flexural Performance of Normal Strength Concrete

Mixture

fL (σ) MPa

fR1 (σ) MPa

fR3 (σ) MPa

fLK (σ) MPa

fR1K MPa

fR3K MPa

fR1K/fLK

fR3K/fR1K (class)

GF (σ) 103 × J/m2

Concrete

3.5 (± 0.1)

–

–

3.3

–

–

–

–

–

NSF64-20

3.8 (± 0.3)

1.8 (± 0.4)

2.1 (± 0.5)

3.3

1.1

1.3

0.33

1.18 (1.0c)

1.210 (± 0.279)

NSF64-40

4.4 (± 0.1)

2.8 (± 0.5)

4.1 (± 0.6)

4.2

2.0

3.1

0.47

1.55 (2.0e)

2.053 (± 0.328)

NSF64-60

4.6 (± 0.1)

3.3 (± 0.4)

4.8 (± 0.7)

4.4

2.6

3.6

0.59

1.38 (2.5e)

2.460 (± 0.331)

NSF67-20

3.6 (± 0.0)

1.4 (± 0.1)

1.9 (± 0.2)

3.6

1.2

1.6

0.33

1.33 (1.0e)

0.987 (± 0.008)

NSF67-40

4.8 (± 0.0)

3.4 (± 0.1)

3.9 (± 0.1)

4.8

3.2

3.7

0.66

1.15 (3.0d)

2.118 (± 0.003)

NSF67-60

4.5 (± 0.3)

4.3 (± 0.1)

5.6 (± 0.2)

4.0

4.1

5.3

1.02

1.29 (4.0d)

2.873 (± 0.102)

NSF80-20

4.3 (± 0.1)

2.0(± 0.2)

2.3 (± 0.2)

4.1

1.7

2.0

0.41

1.17 (1.5d)

1.331 (± 0.109)

NSF80-40

4.5 (± 0.3)

3.5(± 0.3)

4.8 (± 0.2)

4.0

3.0

4.5

0.75

1.50 (3.0e)

2.505 (± 0.104)

NSF80-60

5.3 (± 0.5)

5.8(± 0.6)

8.1 (± 0.8)

4.5

4.8

6.8

1.06

1.41 (4.0e)

4.119 (± 0.380)

HSF64-20

3.5 (± 0.1)

2.1(± 0.1)

2.6 (± 0.0)

3.3

2.0

2.5

0.60

1.25 (2.0d)

1.346 (± 0.021)

HSF64-40

3.8 (± 0.1)

3.0(± 0.3)

4.3 (± 0.4)

3.6

2.5

3.7

0.69

1.48 (2.5e)

2.149 (± 0.183)

HSF64-60

5.0 (± 0.3)

3.9(± 0.2)

5.7 (± 0.5)

4.5

3.6

4.9

0.80

1.36 (3.0e)

2.838 (± 0.208)

HSF67-20

3.8 (± 0.5)

1.9(± 0.2)

2.0 (± 0.2)

2.9

1.5

1.7

0.51

1.13 (1.5d)

1.146 (± 0.050)

HSF67-40

3.9 (± 0.2)

2.7(± 0.0)

4.4 (± 0.2)

3.6

2.7

4.1

0.75

1.66 (2.5e)

2.161 (± 0.056)

HSF67-60

4.2 (± 0.3)

4.5(± 0.1)

7.2 (± 0.1)

3.7

4.3

7.0

1.16

1.62 (4.0e)

3.511 (± 0.051)

HSF80-20

4.3 (± 0.2)

1.9(± 0.0)

2.8 (± 0.0)

4.0

1.9

2.8

0.47

1.47 (1.5e)

1.466 (± 0.009)

HSF80-40

4.5 (± 0.4)

3.8(± 0.0)

5.4 (± 0.0)

3.8

3.8

5.3

1.00

1.39 (3.0e)

2.675 (± 0.080)

HSF80-60

5.5 (± 0.5)

6.1(± 0.0)

8.1 (± 0.8)

4.7

6.1

6.8

1.29

1.11 (6.0d)

4.072 (± 0.227)

  1. fL: flexural tensile strength corresponding to the limit of proportionality (LOP) or peak flexural tensile strength in the interval 0–0.05 mm of CMOD; fRi: residual flexural tensile strength corresponding to CMODi (i = 1, 2, 3, 4 mean the CMOD of 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 mm); fRiK: the characteristic strength corresponding to fRi; GF: fracture energy defined by RILEM 50-FMC; σ: standard deviation
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