An Empirical Model to Predict Chloride Penetrations in Concrete Containing Palm Oil Fuel Ash Based on 10-Year Exposure Under Marine Environment

International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials

Table 4 Average value k₁ of the concrete mixed with ground palm oil fuel ash at various exposure times in marine site

Ground palm oil fuel ash content (%)	The average value k1
Ground palm oil fuel ash content (%)	1 year	3 years	5 years	7 years	10 years
0	0.778	0.736	0.727	0.712	0.708
15	0.843	0.786	0.766	0.758	0.747
25	0.855	0.793	0.783	0.776	0.764
35	0.837	0.792	0.781	0.763	0.754
50	0.836	0.785	0.758	0.744	0.733