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Table 1 Effect of CaO on the reaction kinetics, workability and setting time of AAMs

From: A Concise on the Effect of Calcium Oxide on the Properties of Alkali-Activated Materials: A Manual for Civil Engineers

Reference

Precursor

Activator

CaO (%)

Type

Effect

Ju et al., (2020)

Slag

KOH and K2SiO3

1–3

Mortar

-Increased heat release

Chen and Ye, (2022)

Slag

sodium carbonate

2.5 and 5

Paste

-Decreased workability

Rashad and Gharieb, (2021)

FA

NaOH and sodium silicate

2.5–10

Paste

-Decreased workability and setting time

Gharieb and Rashad, (2022)

Slag

NaOH and sodium silicate

2.5, 5 and 10

Paste

-Decreased workability and setting time

Chen and Ye, (2022)

Slag

sodium carbonate

2.5 and 5

Paste

-Decreased setting time

Ju et al., (2020)

Slag

KOH and K2SiO3

1–4

Mortar

-Decreased setting time

Temuujin et al., (2009)

FA

NaOH and sodium silicate

1, 2 and 3

Paste

-Decreased setting time

Lee and Deventer, (2002)

FA/kaolinite

KOH and sodium silicate

0.08764 mol

Paste

-Decreased setting time